Roman Numeral Converter

Symbols are written largest to smallest, left to right. When a smaller symbol precedes a larger one, it is subtracted: IV = 4 (5-1), IX = 9 (10-1), XL = 40, XC = 90, CD = 400, CM = 900. No symbol may repeat more than 3 times consecutively (use subtraction instead: 4 = IV, not IIII).

The standard Roman numeral system goes up to 3999 (MMMCMXCIX). Numbers 4000 and above would require a bar over the M (vinculum notation), which represents multiplication by 1000. This converter uses the standard system without vinculum.

Roman numerals appear on clock faces, Super Bowl numbers (e.g., Super Bowl LVIII), copyright years on films, chapter numbers in books, monarch/pope names (e.g., King Charles III), and the numbering of Olympic Games.